Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• mahdi asadi ¹
• Sayyed Mohammad Tayybi ²

¹ university shahid bahonar off kerman, history department

² Shahid Bahonar University

Abstract

Malek Al-Shoara Bahar joined the Azadikhahan Jirga from the beginning of the constitutional era. He started his journalism career from the beginning of the developments of the Second Majlis. In the short life of the Third Majlis, he was elected to the Majlis for the first time and played an active role in the developments of Iran from World War I to the accession of the first Pahlavi dynasty to the throne. Influenced by the heated political atmosphere of the time, he followed the intellectual themes of the Constitution and fought against colonialism and prevented the growth of tyranny in the country. In addition to his poetry, he also paid attention to the issues of resistance and sustainability as a journalist, member of parliament, and political activist. The present study aims to examine, using a historical method and an analytical-descriptive approach, various manifestations of the foundations of sustainability in prose works, with an emphasis on historical accounts, newspapers, parliamentary negotiations, and political activism of Malek al-Shoara Baha. The results of the research show that in all of Bahar's political works and activities, there are many examples such as confronting the tyrannical government, expressing the crimes and injustices of the elements of the first Pahlavi government, calling for struggle and confrontation, not supporting and cooperating with the usurping government, and obvious xenophobia. All of the above-mentioned cases reflect the manifestations of the literature of perseverance in Bahar's prose works and political practice.

Keywords

• Malek AlShoara Bahar
• literature of sustainability
• internal tyranny
• external colonialism
• struggle