نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• علی اصغر باباسالار ¹
• جولیت خضور ²

¹ عضو هیات علمی

² دانشکده ادبیات وزبان فارسی

چکیده

ادبیات مقاومت، نوعی از ادبیات متعهّد و ملتزم است که از یک طرف به شرح و بیان مبارزة جامعه در برابر آنچه حیات مادی و معنوی خود را تهدید می‌کند، می‌پردازد و از طرف دیگر، برای جامعه روحیة مقاومت در برابر هر گونه ظلم و تجاوز ایجاد می‌کند. این نوع ادبی در دوران معاصر، در ایران و جهان عرب به خاطر حوادث ناگوار پررنگ‌تر شده‌است. از میان شاعران معاصر که در این زمینه نوشته‌های بسیاری دارند، می‌توان به نصرالله مردانی در ایران و بدوی الجبل در جهان عرب اشاره کرد که بحران‌های سیاسی و اجتماعی جامعه خود را در آثارشان بازتاب داده‌اند.
این پژوهش برآن است تا به بررسی جلوه‌های ادبیات مقاومت در اشعار نصرالله مردانی و بدوی الجبل با روش توصیفی –تحلیلی و در چارچوب مکتب تطبیقی آمریکایی بپردازد. یافته‌های اساسی این پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که جلوه‌های مقاومت از قبیل وطن‌پرستی، دعوت به مقاومت، دفاع از ملت خود، استعمارستیزی، ظلم‌ستیزی، تجلیل از شهید، اعتراض سیاسی و اجتماعی و ... در اشعار هر دو شاعر جلوه‌گر شده‌اند؛ بدون اینکه از یکدیگر متأثّر باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• ادبیات مقاومت
• مکتب تطبیقی آمریکایی
• نصرالله مردانی
• بدوی الجبل
• استعمار ستیزی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Reflections of Resistance in Nasrullah mardani's and Badawi al-Jabal's poetry

نویسندگان [English]

• Ali Asghar Babasalar ¹
• juleet mohsen ²

¹ Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature, University of Tehran

² Ph.D. Candidate of Persian Language and Literature, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

1. Introduction
In the contemporary era, Iran and the Arab world faced bloody events such as the Constitutional Revolution against the Qajar tyrants, Islamic Revolution Against tyrannical regime of Pahlavi, Holy Defense during Iraq's Imposed War Against Iran, occupation of Arab countries by Western colonialism, successive Arab revolutions to gain independence and freedom, Zionist occupation of Palestine, affliction of Arab states with treacherous governments and Western colonial rule,  all of which have been reflected in the literature of both nations.
Among contemporary Iranian poets, Nasrullah Mardani and among contemporary Arab poets, Badawi al-Jabal, have referred to the political and social crises in their societies and defended their nations in their words as weapons and have called them to resist the oppression of tyrannical and aggressive colonialists.
2. Discussion
The literature of every nation is a mirror of all the events that have taken place throughout its history and resistance literature is part of this literature because each nation's struggle and strive  against the threatening factors is reflected in its persistance and continuity.
This comparative study investigates and analyzes the reflections of resistance literature in the poems of two renowned poets, Nasrullah Mardani and Badawi al-Jabal.
 
3. Conclusion
The reflections of resistance were common in their poems: the theme of homeland and land is one of the main themes of resistance poetry in Persian and Arabic literature, patriotism, committment to the homeland and the universal  patriotic outlook is abundant in the works of both poets. Both poets depicted the sufferings of people. They took up the issue of Palestine and defended it in their poems. The reflection of resistance and fight is the basis of resistance literature, which abounds in the poems of both poets. Both poets invite their nations to resist and fight against the enemies and they praise and describe the warriors and sometimes use epic tricks to stir up enthusiasm in people and warriors. The reflection of martyr and martyrdom is the fundamental basis of resistance literature, which is evident in both poets' works. Both poets have threatened the enemy in their poems. Utopia has been also featured in the poems of both poets. The difference is that the utopia in Mardani’s poems will be realized in the light of the coming of the promised Savior, Imam Mahdi, whereas the utopia in al-Jabal’s point of view is established based on the friendship and compassion among all mankind. Finally, protest also forms the basis of resistance literature in Iran and the Arab World, which is a common theme in both poets' works without being influenced by each other.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Key words: resistance literature
• American comparative school
• Nasralla Mardani
• Badvi Aljabal
• anti-colonialism