نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

• جواد نظری مقدّم

استادیار فرهنگ و ارتباطات، پژوهشکدۀ گیلان‌شناسی دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

شهدای دفاع مقدّس نقش مهمی‌در حفظ مرزهای جغرافیایی و عقیدتی و ‌هویّتی و در نتیجه، تداوم حیات جامعۀ ایرانی ایفا نمودند؛ بنابراین، مطالعه و بررسی اندیشه‌ها و آرمان‌های شهدا می‌تواند موجب بازتولید عناصر ‌هویّتی و فرهنگی و ارزش‌های جامعه باشد. ‌‌وصیّت‌نامه‌ها بازتابی است از مجموعۀ اندیشه‌ها و باورها و عقاید و مطالبات و آرزوهای شهدا که به‌عنوان میراث مقدّس مکتوب بر جای مانده و شایستۀ توجه و مطالعه است. در این مطالعه تلاش شد تا با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا ضمن بررسی محتوایی تعداد 97 ‌وصیّت‌نامۀ شهید گیلانی دفاع مقدّس، برجسته‌ترین و مهم‌ترین مضامین مورد اشاره در ‌‌وصیّت‌نامه‌ها احصا و مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. با تحلیل محتوای ‌‌وصیّت‌نامه‌های شهدای گیلان، 17 مقوله‌ استخراج گردید و این مقوله‌ها در قالب سه مقولۀ کلان تعریف گردیدند؛ در مجموع، ‌وصیّت‌نامۀ شهدای گیلانی شامل سه دسته مضامین مذهبی و اعتقادی،  سیاسی- اقتصادی و اجتماعی- فرهنگی است. در میان مضامین مذهبی و اعتقادی، امام حسین^(ع) و ‌مهدویّت و در میان مضامین سیاسی- اقتصادی، امام خمینی^(ره)، ولایت فقیه و مبارزه با ابرقدرت‌های جهانی و در میان مضامین اجتماعی- فرهنگی، خانواده و وحدت و همگرایی اجتماعی، از جمله پربسامدترین مقوله­های مورد اشاره در ‌وصیّت‌نامه­های شهدای گیلانی به شمار می­روند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• فرهنگ دفاع مقدّس
• جنگ تحمیلی
• شهید
• ‌‌وصیّت‌نامه
• گیلان 

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Content Analysis of the Wills of Guilan Martyrs in the Holy Defense

نویسنده [English]

• Javad Nazarimoghaddam

Assistant Professor of Culture and Communication, Institute for Guilan Studies, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

چکیده [English]

 
The war imposed by Iraq against Iran and the resistance and standing of the Iranian society against the Iraqi Baath regime and its other regional and international supporters are considered one of the most important pages in the history of Iran. The eight-year war deserves attention and investigation not only from the political aspects but also from the cultural and social aspects. The wills of warriors and martyrs are among the most important and valuable documents and written cultural and spiritual heritage left over from the Iran-Iraq war, which unfortunately have received less attention from researchers in the field of social sciences.
Studying and examining these written documents and analyzing them in the framework of scientific methods will provide a relatively clear picture of the different aspects of the war and the thoughts and beliefs of the warriors. Because the beliefs and beliefs of a nation are reflected in the literature and written heritage of that nation. Now that the war has ended, the investigation and study of the heritage of the field of sustainability literature and the wills of martyrs can lead to understanding the deeper aspects of the war and getting familiar with the culture of sacred defense and its spiritual achievements.
In this research, while analyzing the content of wills, the most important concepts and categories extracted from them are mentioned. This study is a descriptive and analytical study and the statistical population of the study is martyrs of holy defense of Guilan province. In this research, 97 wills of martyrs were examined and analyzed. By using the content analysis method, 17 categories were extracted while examining and reading the text of the wills several times. Since content analysis refers to a method that is used regularly and objectively to determine the characteristics of messages. In this research, in order to investigate the themes of the topics mentioned in the wills by reading them repeatedly and carefully. An attempt is made to identify the most prominent content and thematic features of the wills of Guilani martyrs of holy defense.
By analyzing the content of the wills of the martyrs of Guilan, 17 categories were extracted and these categories were defined in the form of three broad categories. Therefore, in total, the testament of Gilani martyrs includes three categories of religious and religious, political-economic and socio-cultural themes.
According to the high frequency of the category of Imam Hussain (peace be upon him) and Muharram (58 cases/59.79%) and Mahdism (56 cases/57.73%), among religious themes, Imam Khomeini (RA) (80 cases/80.41) in political themes Economic and family category (60 items / 61.85) Among the social and cultural themes of the wills of Gilani martyrs, it can be found that religion and religious and Shiite beliefs are the most important motivational factors for the presence of warriors in the battle front and the defense of national and territorial identity. and on the other hand, from the point of view of the martyrs, the school and path of Imam Khomeini (RA) was considered the continuation of the ideals of Karbala and Mahdism. In the thought of the martyrs, the family as the most central social institution has the most important role in the continuation of the culture and the system of beliefs and convictions and the society, and as a result the life of the belief system and the Islamic and Iranian belief system depends on the preservation and protection of this important and influential institution. The social and upbringing of the generation believes in Islamic and Iranian values. Recognizing and studying the thoughts and ideals of the martyrs can lead to the re-creation and reproduction of the values ​​of the Iranian society and its application in social and political policy making.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Culture of Holy Defense
• Imposed War
• Martyr
• Will
• Guilan