نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• ناصرقلی سارلی ¹
• مهرداد زارعی ²

¹ دانشگاه خوارزمی

² گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران

چکیده

انقلاب اسلامی ایران، دگرگونی‌های ژرفی در بنیان‌های جامعه ایجاد کرد. از جملۀ این دگرگونی‌ها، تحولاتی ‌بود که در ساختارها و هنجارهای ادبی شکل گرفت و شعر را به قلمروهای جدیدی وارد کرد. شاعران انقلاب تمام ظرفیت‌ها و قالب‌های شعر فارسی ازجمله قالب شعر نیمایی را به خدمت اندیشه‌های انقلابی درآوردند. شعر نیمایی هرچند پس از انقلاب تحت‌الشعاع رجعت شعرای انقلابی به قالب‌های کلاسیک قرار گرفت، اما شاعران انقلابی‌ای نیز بودند که به سرایش در این قالب پرداختند. پرسش این پژوهش آن است که با توجه به تغییر نگرش شاعران انقلابی، چه تحولاتی در صور خیال و عناصر سازندۀ تصاویر در شعر نیمایی پس از انقلاب به وجود آمد؛ از این رو، در این مقاله کوشش شده تا اَشکال این تحولات در شعر نو انقلاب بررسی شود. بر این اساس، ویژگی‌های صور خیال و عناصر سازندۀ تصویر در شعر شاعران نیمایی‌سرای انقلاب اسلامی بررسی شده و در پایان مشخص گردیده که صراحت و حال‌وهوای انقلابی موجب کاهش بسامد صور خیال و درعین‌حال سادگی و شفافیت آن‌ها شده است. عناصر سازندۀ تصویر در این شعرها نیز عمدتاً برگرفته از ایدئولوژی انقلاب و فضای جنگ است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

• ایدئولوژی تصویر
• صور خیال
• شعر نیمایی
• شعر انقلاب
• شعر جنگ

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Poetic Imagery and Its Constituent Elements in Modern Poetry of Islamic Revolution

نویسندگان [English]

• Naser-Gholi Sarli ¹
• Mehrdad Zarei ²

¹ Kharazmi University

² Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, University of Kharazmi , Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction

As a result of the revolution and the war, Persian poetry underwent changes that mainly occurred in the field of meaning and themes. However, also in the field of images, the poetry of these poets has differences compared to the poetry before the revolution. In this research, the authors investigate the influence of the Islamic Revolution and war on the change of the network of images in Nimai's poetry by examining the imagery of Nimai's poetry after the revolution and its constituent elements.

Methodology

The current research was done with a descriptive-analytical approach and library method. In this method, the researcher, in addition to familiarizing himself with the research problem, describes and explains the reasons for how and why the situation of the problem and its dimensions.

Discussion

In Nimai's poems of revolution poets, since message delivery is the priority, the use of imagery is more limited. On the other hand, the imagery used in Nimai's poem of the Revolution is more at the service of thought than it wants to be considered an independent thing that creativity revolves around.
One of the obvious characteristics in the depictions of revolution and war literature is its simplicity and transparency. The requirement of the principles of rhetoric was that in these poems, images and artistic structures are used so that their meaning can be understood quickly and easily; Because the audience of this type of poetry were ordinary people. Also, another feature of Nimai's poetry has a faint presence in the new poems of the poets of the revolution, and that is poetic ambiguity and the possibility of multiple meanings in the poem.
One of the other basic features in Nimai's poem of the revolution is the lack of elements of romantic imagery in it. It seems that the social-political excitements and the war-torn atmosphere of those years in those years did not allow romance.
In their imagery, poets of the revolution use new issues and themes in the content of their imageries, which has a significant frequency in their images. These new elements include the following: 1. Elements related to light and illumination: The event of the revolution in the eyes of the poets was like the sunrise and the morning that happened after a cold night; 2. Elements related to growth: In the opinion of the revolutionary poets, the Islamic Revolution was a harbinger of growth and a season of prosperity. 3. The everyday issues of the lower classes: In the depictions of these poets, we see elements that exist in the lives of the deprived classes of the society. 4. Religious elements: Religious elements play a significant role in the images of poets of the revolution. 5. War: the revolutionary poets' addressing of war introduced new themes and images into Persian poetry.
Another issue that should be paid attention to when examining poetic images is the issue of color and the poet's use of this element. In the reviewed collections, there is a perfect harmony between the frequency of the colors used and the elements of illustration that we have already mentioned.

Conclusion

Imagery, as one of the most important elements of poetry in Nimai's poetry of the revolution, has had different appearances than before. The poet uses poetic and rhetorical artistic device forms in a way that is familiar to the audience. Images, along with the literary and aesthetic aspect, mainly serve ideological ideas and thoughts. The image-creating elements in these poems have often undergone changes under the influence of the atmosphere of the same era. Finally, it should be said that the influence of the Islamic revolution on Nimai's poetry can be traced in addition to changing the topics and themes of the poems in the field of Imagery, and this issue indicates that the revolutions and socio-political events that cause changes in the styles and types of poetry, only affect the content field of the poems. They do not change, but they also make fundamental changes in the images and the chain of images.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Image Ideology
• Imagery
• Modern Poetry
• Revolution Poetry
• War Poetry